FUNDAMENTALS

camera components

1. Lense
2. Camera sensor
3. Processor
4. Light / IR
5. Storage
   1. ROM
   2. SD/Card
6. Power supply
7. housing/case
8. Microphone

camera components

lense size

VIDEO RESOLUTION

video compression

• Types
  • MJPEG
  • MPEG4
  • H264
  • H265
  • H265 (Smart)
• Bitrate
• Frames Per Second

All of these values create file size and quality 

Processor / transcoding

• Video Ecoding
  • FPGA
  • Can be multipal streams
• NPU
  • Identify Objects

• Processor
  • Custom firmware
  • Web Interface
  • other network services
• ISP (Image Processor)
  • SOC or discrete 

Processor / transcoding

Night Vision

• Active IR

• Artificial Light

• Low light sensor

• Full Color Night

camera Zoom

• optical zoom

• Varifocal

AI/Deep learning (Buzzz words)

• Face Detection

• Object identication

• people counting

• Automated License Plate Reader (ALPR)

• People tracking

• Missing Object

people tracking

ALPR

Networking

• POE / POE+

• WiFi

• TCP/IP

ONVIF (Open Network Video Interface Forum)

• Profile g

  • edge storage and retrieval

• profile m

  • metadata and events for analytics applications

• ​Profile S

  • ​basic video streaming

• ​Profile T

  • ​Advanced Video Streaming

RTSP / SRTSP

• Supports Authentication

  • Username / Password 

• Supports Encyption

  • Encrypts data in transit

Extra Protocals

• DDNS

• SMTP

• Bonjour

• Muticast

• 802.1x

• QOS

camera houseing

• Bullet

• Dome

• Torret

• Fish Eye

• PTZ

• Box

bullet

torret

dome

fish eye

ptz

wide angle / Muti lense

box

NVR / VMS

NVR Types

Standalone 

Software/OPen

Cloud

Standalone

• Tied to camera brand

• Usually Provides POE

• Dedicated for Video Recording

• Storge

• max cameras / max ports

• license included

Software

• Vendor Agnostic

• Provides more scaling 

• per camera recording cost

• Bring your own storage

• Redundancy

• Transcoding

• Better software

milestone software

• Very Powerfull Software

• Enterprise ready 

• Windows Only

• Free 8 camera license

• Expansive $100 per camera/license

• Mobile App

https://www.milestonesys.com/

BLue IRiS Software

• Powerfull Home/business NVR

• Not Enterprise ready 

• Windows Only

• Great value $80

• Up to 64 cameras

• Great mobile app

dwspectrum / NX wtiness

• Powerfull NVR

• Enterprise ready 

• Windows/linux/mac/arm

• onetime license $80/camera

• great multi os platform

• mobile app

https://dwspectrum.com/

https://www.networkoptix.com/

cloud

https://www.verkada.com/

https://www.rhombus.com

• On device NVR

• Web Interface

• Extremely Scalable

• Low management cost

• Cloud / local storage

• Higher Camera Cost

• License Cost

security

Best practice

• Isolated network/VLAN

• Secure RTSP

• Disable internet access/back door cant call home

• Unique Device Passwords

• Keep Updated

• Video Encryption

• VPN for remote access

deployment

Best practice

• decide what you care about

• pick cameras and placement

• create a simple map of where you want cameras

• test out the quility 

• Pick your features

• plan how to run the wire

• create a cost ESTIMATE

consumer

avoid

• Required Subscription (Life time cost VERY high)

  • Ring

  • Arlo

  • Google

  • Amazon

• Cloud Recording

• WiFi (Inside Only)

• BATTERY POWERED (DON'T DO THIS)

  • BATTERIES DIE

  • CANT RECORD 24/7

  • NEW HOME TASK

Reolink

• Local Recording (No Cloud)

• Very Affordable

• AI Event detection

• POE and Wifi versions

• No Subscription

• No license cost

• Works with NVR or SD Card

• Doorbell

unifi

• TurnKey (Auto Updating)

• Local Recording (No Cloud)

• Affordable

• AI Event detection

• POE and Wifi versions

• No Subscription

• No License Cost

• Requires NVR

• Doorbell

hikvison/dahua

• MAUNAL SETUP

• CHINA (NOT GOVERMENT APRROVED)

• AI EVENT DETECTION

• POE AND WIFI VERSIONS

• NO SUBSCRIPTION

• NO LICENSE COST

• WITH OR WITHOUT NVR

• ENTERPRISE QUALITY

• VERY LARGE CAMERA SELECTIOn

• REQUIRES NVR (ONVIF)

enterprise

unifi

• TurnKey (Auto Updating)

• Local Recording (No Cloud)

• Affordable

• AI Event detection

• POE and Wifi versions

• No Subscription

• No License Cost

• Requires NVR

• Doorbell

AXIS/Pelco

• US Gov Approved (NDAA SEA Compliant)

• Local Recording (No Cloud)

• highest price

• AI Event detection

• POE and Wifi versions

• No Subscription

• License Cost

• Requires NVR (ONVIF)

• very large catalog

• Own VMS

Verkada / Rhombus

• On device NVR

• Web Interface

• Extremely Scalable

• Low management cost

• Cloud / local storage

• Higher Camera Cost

• License Cost

https://ipcamtalk.com/

https://www.youtube.com/@The_Wildcat

https://www.youtube.com/@TheHookUp

Links

Three Days / Tampa, FL

- Pre-sales & Authorization

- Remote Reconnaissance

- Digital Surveillance

- Surreptitious Entry Tactics

- Badge Cloning & Replication

- Post-Exploitation

- Live Facility Breach Exercise

Upcoming Dates (2024):

July 17 - 19

October 16 - 18

PRIVATE TRAINING AVAILABLE

Tooling Available